求关于马拉松的英文短文不要太难懂的,也不要太多

The world's longest track and field - marathon
Marathon is a long-distance running events, the distance of 42.195 kilometers. The distance events Why does not the whole number? This year 490 BC from Sept. 12 occurred in a campaign talk.
The campaign is the Persians and Athens in Athens from the sea near Marathon took place, eventually won the Athens of the victory of the invasion. In order to let people know as soon as possible victory in the home of good news, commander of a faction called Mile Di Fei Dipi soldiers have to go back and notify the Slovak.
Fei Dipi Rhodes is a well-known "Scud", in order to let people back home know that the good news that he Yige Jin to run when he went to Athens, has been out of breath just said, "We won! "Fell to the floor dead.
To commemorate this event, in 1896, held the first modern Olympic Games, the establishment of a marathon project, the Feidi Pi was a messenger running mileage Sri Lanka - as a race of 42.195 kilometers distance.
Marathon Greece was one of the names. 30 km north-east of Athens. Its source of the Phoenician marathus, which means "fennel", as a result of the growth here and many ancient trees named after the fennel. The sport of marathon of this would have.
Greece Persian War (BC 492 - years ago, 449), 490 BC, the Persian King Darius I cross Hercynian invasion, A Dika attack in the city from the north-east of Athens Marathon bay. Athens forces courageously fought the battle, the Marathon plain in the Persian army defeated. Known as the Battle of Marathon. In order to quickly tell the news to victory in Athens, Greece to send long-distance race winner Ferdinand Andean Bailey (Pheidippides) from Marathon to Athens to run the Central Plaza (42 kilometers the whole 195 meters). In the completion of the speed and distance of 36.2 kilometers to convey the news of the victory, the physical failure fell to the ground died. The miracle of their glorious achievements and become a national hero in Greece.
In 1896, held the first Olympic Games, Pierre de Coubertin adopted the historian Tony Blair (Michel Breal) in the history of this matter to set up a sports building, and a "marathon." Fei Dipi game was followed by a Sri Lankan run the line, about 40 km from the 200 meters. Since then, more than a decade, running the marathon distance has been maintained at around 40 km. 1908 4th Olympic Games held in London, the British royal family to facilitate the staff to watch Marathon, the starting point will be made in the Windsor Palace balcony, in the end the venue of the Olympic movement, the starting point to the end of the distance for the measure by 26 miles 385 yards , Converted into 42.195 km. IAAF later identified as the distance between the standard marathon running distance. The women's marathon carried out late 1984, the 23rd Olympic Games was included in the official competition.
As the marathon in the outdoors in general, more uncertainty, so in January 1, 2004 marathon in the world have been using the best results, there is no record of the world.
In the 2004 Athens Olympic Games, the Olympic Games for the first time will be the last men's marathon event at the prize presentation ceremony scheduled for the closing ceremony to be held. It appears in the host Greeks, the Olympic marathon is the "soul", at the closing ceremony for a marathon athlete award is a symbol of the Olympic home. 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, has inherited this practice.
】 【History
The first Olympic Games in 1896, Marathon to be held in various parts of the world wide, the United States from 1897 to be held from Boston Marathon, in 2000 to 104 sessions have been held, the world's oldest marathon. Marathon to be held on the road, may be starting and ending at the same location or routes to and from the beginning, not the end of the same area within a one-way routes. Competition, to be placed along the way has marked the run-km distance license, and every 5 kilometers to set up a station to provide beverages beverage or two drinks a water station between the station and provide drinking water or water. Before the body is subject to health checks, be eligible to enroll in the competition.
Jan 1, 2004, the IAAF announced a new decision: including the marathon, road race and the race will be the world's only bid farewell to the best of times, the beginning of the world record.
IAAF announced the decision after the British long-distance race Radcliffe women have been formally identified as the women's 10 km and 20 km marathon and three of the world record holder, and the Polish section尼奥夫斯基hot day is a man 50 km walk world record of the first owners.
Spiridon Louis - the first marathon title
April 10, 1896 is the first day of the Olympic Games last item - a marathon. Greeks are particularly excited because, which had been carried out in 11 projects, the Greek athletes have not yet received a gold medal, they have all their hopes in the marathon. Before the game, and many Greeks have a wish that if the Greeks are winners, willing to tailor his new clothes, restaurant asked him to free meals, free of charge to Barber him for life would also like to barber.
The game only 25 players, the only Greek player is a soldier, named Spiridon Louis. 25-year-old Lewis is very calm and confident, also on the way occasionally sipping a wine. In the campaign's on-site spectators anxiously awaiting the arrival of the players. Louis 32 kilometers to catch up with and surpassed Australia's Flake, the victory at hand. Lewis is a superior act as the colonel's order. The colonel at the moment to do so at full speed rushed to the stadium, a horse to his box in front of the King, proudly announced: "Spiridon Louis ahead!" At this time the audience was filled with the 70,000 Greek audience. Lewis first appeared in the Athens games hall. Crown Prince Constantine and Prince George Lewis in the side, accompanied him finish the final 100 meters. Lewis finally to 2 hours 58 minutes 50 seconds won the championship.
Spiridon Louis won for Greece's only a gold medal for Greece to host the first Olympics for the light. King jump from the box down, like the Arc de Triomphe and the welcome return of the hero as he welcomed. Prince has a gift to him a gold watch. Many Greeks even when the minister asked Lewis ... Lewis ... then I would rather live a simple life and few other people to talk about their glorious history. In 1940, Spiridon Louis's death. Later, the Greek Government To commemorate this great national hero, with his reconstruction of the marble tomb, inscribed with the above and a symbol of five rings of the Olympic Movement.
Men's marathon world record:
Kenya's Te Gaite (Paul Tergat, was born on June 17, 1969), the score of 2 hours 4 minutes and 55 seconds. In September 28, 2003, the third of the 10th Berlin Marathon on creation.
In September 30, 2007 for the Berlin Marathon, the 34-year-old Ethiopian star Haile Gebrselassie to 2 hours 4 minutes 26 seconds to create a new men's marathon world record.
Women's marathon world record: Radcliffe
Britain's Radcliffe women's long-distance race (Paula Radcliffe, was born in December 17, 1973) in April 13, 2003, in London to create and score of 2 hours 15 minutes 25 seconds.
【Origin】
In the spring of 492 BC, Persia wants to conquer the beautiful and rich, thriving city-state of Greece. Bo Sipai a large number of ships across the sea and their invasion of Greece, begun in the history of the famous hippo war. There are days of the ominous clouds, the Persian navy at sea was a hurricane, 300 warships, more than 20,000 officers and men all died in the seabed. Persian Army Navy lost the echo, as if a one-armed, who were attacked Thrace, the Persian commander also seriously injured. The invasion of Greece had to give up the military action.
Persian King fly into a rage. The following year, his fantasy Greece surrender without fighting. He sent an emissary to the Greek city-state to be "water and soil," so that they mean to subdue the Persian submission. Greece and Central and northern parts of the small city-state's fear of the Persian empire by force, surrendered to the knees. However, the two largest Greek city-states - Athens and Sparta, how can they lower the first arrogant? Athens people into the Persian emissary from the cliff into the sea, the Spartans into an emissary to the well so that they get their "water and soil."
Darius life has not been such a humiliation, he very angry, he decided to send the most experienced big battle for the second time General Greece. In 490 BC, the Persian army to cross the Aegean Sea, on the outskirts of Athens in the marathon plains and landing. Dangerous situation of Athens, close to mobilize the one hand, stepped up security on the one hand were experts at the time of the long-distance race in South Africa shelter Andean Jiancheng day and night to more than 200 km far from the city-state of Sparta for help. The master long-distance running at an alarming rate used for only one day more than they arrived at Sparta. But the Spartans are provided for by ancestors, not on a round can not send troops refused to send troops on the ground. Fiji shelter in Andean begging, but the Spartans remain indifferent to shelter in South Africa Andean no option but to resume the marathon back to life.
Athens Spartans were not sent troops to hear the news, they do not lose heart, they immediately all citizens to organize themselves, and even slaves also incorporated into the army, went to the marathon, to occupy a favorable terrain.
Athens according to the law, the Athens 10 in general during the battle in turn should have military power, a day per person. To take major military action after 10 hours prior to discuss general, the last to the principle of majority rule to the resolution. Kaliwusi Captains Regent of the military in Athens under the auspices of the military held a meeting. At around 10 General passive defense, or to take the initiative, launched a fierce debate. One is called sub-meters were too general to take the initiative advocates. Vote, 5 votes to 5. Kaliwusi support of the Captains Regent of the sub-meters were too general. In order to play a sub-meters too can command, and other generals have voluntarily given up their rotation when the commander-in-chief of the rights so that sub-meters were too one full command of the war.
At that time, Athens has 10,000 troops, plus a thousand reinforcements, but a total of 11,000 people. The Persian army of 10 million people, but also well-equipped. In a stronger enemy, a sub-meters too decided not to Yingpin with the enemy, but the front a little longer, the elite infantry in both sides of the front line troops on the weak.
490 BC in the early morning of Sept. 12, the eve of World War II, a sub-too-meter to Greece to mobilize officers and men to do the fighting, he said: "Athens is forever remain free, or put on the yoke of slavery, the key is on you." Exciting, he Words to inspire the soldiers of the determination to defend their homeland. Fighting began, the Greek soldiers in the following attack, the Persian army is not total, immediate counterattack. Greek military edge while fighting back, breathing down the neck of the Persian army. At this critical moment in the ambush of soldiers on both sides of the suddenness of a thunderbolt out from both sides of the Persian army attack. Since the Persian army to pursue the Greeks, overstretched, this time in Greece's armed forces surrounded both phase can not care, man hurriedly fled towards the sea, the board would like to run away. Greece Weizhui army to the sea, the Persian army and naval vessels launched to win the battle. Jina Er told a Greek soldier, he rushed warships to seize the hand, the enemy were cut off a hand to hold back his pain, with one hand and to seize the warship, along with his comrades and finally win Of a warship. This fight, leaving the 6400 Persian corpses and 7 warships. Athens at the expense of 192 people, including several generals and captains-regent Kaliwusi. In the evening, Sparta sent 2,000 soldiers rushed forward, see the moonlight on the battlefield of corpses everywhere.
Asian rice is too eager to get the victory is anxiously waiting for news of the people of Athens, he selected long-distance running expert shelter in South Africa to send a message to Sri Lanka. The long-distance running at the time experts have been wounded, but, in order to allow fellow citizens to know as soon as possible the news of the victory he desperately running when he went to Athens when the city's central square, has been out of breath, he excitedly shouted To: "Let the joy, Athens, we won!" Just shouting down, he would present a CD, never woke up.
Hippo war continued for nearly half a century. Marathon is a battle against the Greeks and Persians first battle, this battle has greatly encouraged the Greeks to fight for freedom and independence of spirit.
To commemorate the victory of the campaign and due recognition to the shelter was a hero in South Africa Sri Lanka's achievements in 1896, the first in the Athens Olympic Games, provides for a new sports - marathon. Athens is the marathon distance to the distance, according to the then South Africa in Sri Lanka after the shelter was identified as the whole line of 40 kilometers and 200 meters. In 1920, after a careful determination of the distance also be changed to 42 kilometers and 195 meters. South Africa, Sri Lanka was the name of shelter and the Battle of Marathon to the Olympic Games as the torch from generation to generation and retention in the world
【Marathon Regulations

The marathon is a long-distance foot race with an official distance of 42.195 kilometers (26 miles 385 yards) that is usually run as a road race. The event is named after the fabled run of the Greek soldier Pheidippides, a messenger from the Battle of Marathon to Athens. The historical accuracy of this legend is in doubt,[1] contradicted by accounts given by Herodotus, in particular.

The marathon was one of the original modern Olympic events in 1896, though the distance did not become standardized until 1921. More than 800 marathons are contested throughout the world each year, with the vast majority of competitors being recreational athletes. Larger marathons can have tens of thousands of participants.

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