文献合集 | 静息态功能连接和脑网络分析方法
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静息态脑功能成像是脑功能磁共振成像方法的一种。正常人脑在静息态下依然存在有规律的功能活动网络，且病理状态下的脑功能活动网络与正常人脑存在差异及重塑，被检者处于静息状态下应用血氧水平依赖脑功能成像获得脑活动功能图的成像技术。无须进行复杂的任务设计，可操作性好，可避免基于任务的研究由于任务设计的不同及被检者执行情况的差异性导致的实验结果的不可比性。
以下就 静息态功能磁共振成像 ，及其 脑网络分析方法 ： 基于种子点方法（ Seed-based ）、图论（ Graph theory ）、独立成分分析（ ICA ） 以及 不同的脑静息态网络 列举相关文献，以供该领域的学者参考。
静息态功能磁共振成像 (rs-fMRI )
1. Resting statefunctional magnetic resonance imaging:an emerging clinical tool.
doi:10.4103/0028-3886.111107
2. Clinical applicationsof resting state functional connectivity.
doi:10.3389/fnsys.2010.00019
3. Resting state activityin patients with disorders of consciousness.
doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2010.11.002
4. Resting state fMRI: apersonal history.
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.01.090
5. Brain work and brain imaging.
doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.29.051605.112819
这里主要介绍几种处理静息态fMRI数据，检查脑区之间功能连接的存在和程度的方法， 包括：基于种子点方法、图论、独立成分分析。
基于种子点的分析（Seed-based analysis）： 种子点可以是先验定义的区域，或者可以从任务态fMRI实验中获得的激活图中选择，从而确定特定的感兴趣区域。
1. Functional connectivity in the motor cortex of resting human brain usingecho-planar MRI.
doi: 10.1002/mrm.1910340409
2. Exploring the brain network: a review on resting-state fMRI functionalconnectivity.
doi: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2010.03.008
3. Review of methods for functional brain connectivity detection using fMRI.
doi: 10.1016/j.compmedimag.2008.10.011
4. DPARSF: a MATLAB toolbox for “pipeline” data analysis of resting-statefMRI.
doi: 10.3389/fnsys.2010.00013
5. Abnormal spontaneous brain activity in minimal hepatic encephalopathy:resting-state fMRI study.
doi: 10.5152/dir.2015.15208
6. A multisite resting state fMRI study on the amplitude of low frequencyfluctuations in schizophrenia.
doi: 10.3389/fnins.2013.00137
7. Regional homogeneity approach to fMRI data analysis.
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2003.12.030
8. Competition between functional brain networks mediates behavioralvariability.
doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.08.008
9. REST: a toolkit for resting-state functional magnetic resonance imagingdata processing.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0025031
图论（ Graph theory ）： 人脑形成一个集成的复杂网络，将所有脑区和子网络连接到一个复杂的系统中。使用图论分析方法可以检查大脑网络的整体结构，图论提供了一个理论框架，其中可以检查复杂网络的拓扑，并且可以揭示有关功能脑网络局部和全局的信息。
1. Social network analysis: a methodological introduction.
doi: 10.1111/j.1467-839X.2007.00241.x
2. A computational study of whole-brain connectivity in resting state andtask fMRI.
doi: 10.12659/MSM.891142
3. Brain connectivity in autism.
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2014.00349
4. Development of large-scale functional brain networks in children.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1000157
5. Complex brain networks: graph theoretical analysis of structural andfunctional systems.
doi: 10.1038/nrn2618
6. Efficiency and cost of economical brain functional networks.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.0030017
7. Efficient behavior of smallworld networks.
doi: 10.17877/DE290R-11359
8. Graph-based network analysis of resting-state functional MRI.
doi: 10.3389/fnsys.2010.00016
9. The ubiquity of small-world networks.
doi: 10.1089/brain.2011.0038
独立成分分析（ Independent component analysis ， ICA ）： 静息态fMRI的ICA是一种盲源分离方法，主要是从静息态中分离出相互独立的源。这个方法可以应用于全脑功能连接，将fMRI分离出大尺度脑网络。
1. Exploring the brain network: a review on resting-state fMRI functionalconnectivity.
doi: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2010.03.008
2. Advances and pitfalls in the analysis and interpretation of restingstatefMRI data.
doi: 10.3389/fnsys.2010.00008
3. An information-maximization approach to blind separation and blinddeconvolution.
doi: 10.1162/neco.1995.7.6.1129
4. Analysis of fMRI data by blind separation into independent spatialcomponents.
doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0193(1998)6:3<160::AID-HBM5>3.0.CO;2-1
5. Intrinsic brain activity in altered states of consciousness: howconscious is the default mode of brain function?
doi: 10.1196/annals.1417.015
6. Group comparison of resting-state FMRI data using multi-subject ICA anddual regression.
doi: 10.1016/S1053-8119(09)71511-3
7. A review of group ICA for fMRI data and ICA for joint inference ofimaging, genetic, and ERP data.
doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.10.057
8. A unified framework for group independent component analysis formulti-subject fMRI data.
doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.05.008
9. Independent component analysis of fMRI group studies by self-organizingclustering.
doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.10.042
10. Comparison of three methods for generating group statistical inferencesfrom independent component analysis of functional magnetic resonance imagingdata.
doi: 10.1002/jmri.20009
以下是关于不同的 脑静息态网络 ，如突显网络、听觉网络、基底神经节网络、视觉网络、视觉空间网络、默认模式网络、语言网络、执行网络&执行控制网络、楔前叶网络、感觉运动网络等相关文献合集。
突显网络
1. Cognitive Control and the Salience Network: An Investigation of ErrorProcessing and Effective Connectivity.
doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4692-12.2013
2. Salience processing and insular cortical function and dysfunction.
doi: 10.1038/nrn3857
3. Saliency, switching, attention and control: a network model of insulafunction.
doi: 10.1007/s00429-010-0262-0
听觉网络
1. Asymmetric Interhemispheric Transfer in the Auditory Network: Evidencefrom TMS, Resting-State fMRI, and Diffusion Imaging.
doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2333-15.2015
2. Default Mode, Dorsal Attention and Auditory Resting State NetworksExhibit Differential Functional Connectivity in Tinnitus and Hearing Loss.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076488
基底神经节网络
1. Aberrant functional connectivity within the basal ganglia of patientswith Parkinson’s disease.
doi: 10.1016/j.nicl.2015.04.003
2. Functional connectivity in the basal ganglia network differentiates PDpatients from controls.
doi: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000000592
3. Identifying the Basal Ganglia Network Model Markers forMedication-Induced Impulsivity in Parkinson's Disease Patients.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127542
4. The basal ganglia: A neural network with more than motor function.
doi: 10.1016/S1071-9091(02)00003-7
视觉网络
1. Consistent resting-state networks across healthysubjects.
doi: 10.1073/pnas.0601417103
2. Investigations into resting-stateconnectivity using independent component analysis.
doi: 10. 1098/rstb.2005.1634
3. Spontaneous Activity Associated with PrimaryVisual Cortex: A Resting-State fMRI Study.
doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhm105
视觉空间网络
1. Default-mode network activity distinguishes Alzheimer’sdisease from healthy aging: Evidence from functional MRI.
doi: 10.1073/pnas.0308627101
2. Functional connectivity in the resting brain: A network analysis of thedefault mode hypothesis.
doi: 10.1073/pnas.0135058100
3. Investigations into Resting-State Connectivity Using IndependentComponent Analysis.
doi: 10.1098/rsbt.2005.1634
4.Searching for a baseline: functional imaging andthe resting human brain.
doi: 10.1038/35094500
默认模式网络
1. Development of the Default Mode and CentralExecutive Networks across early adolescence: A longitudinal study.
doi: 10.1016/j.dcn.2014.08.002
2. Searching for a baseline: functional imaging and the resting human brain.
doi: 10.1038/35094500
语言网络
1. Evidenceof Mirror Neurons in Human Inferior Frontal Gyrus.
doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2668-09.2009
2. How Localized are Language Brain Areas? A Review of Brodmann Areas Involvementin Oral Language.
doi: 10.1093/arclin/acv081
3. Mirror Neurons and the Lateralization of Human Language.
doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1452-06.2006
4. Speech-associated gestures, Broca’s area, and the human mirror system.
doi: 10.1016/j.bandl.2007.02.008
执行网络 & 执行控制网络
1. ConceptualProcessing during the Conscious Resting State: A Functional MRI Study.
doi: 10.1162/089892999563265
2. Dissociable Intrinsic Connectivity Networks for Salience Processing andExecutive Control.
doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5587-06.2007
3. Resting-state activity in the left executive control network isassociated with behavioral approach and is increased in substance dependence.
doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.02.320
4. Searching for Activations That Generalize Over Tasks.
doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0193(1997)5:4<317::AID-HBM19>3.0.CO;2-A
5. The Human Brain Is Intrinsically Organized into Dynamic, AnticorrelatedFunctional Networks.
doi: 10.1073/pnas.0504136102
楔前叶网络
1. Posterior Cingulate Cortex Activation by EmotionalWords: fMRI Evidence From a Valence Decision Task.
doi: 10.1002/hbm.10075
2. Posterior Cingulate Cortex Mediates Outcome-Contingent Allocation ofBehavior.
doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2008.09.012
3. Precuneus Is a Functional Core of the Default-Mode Network.
doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4227-13.2014
4. Remembering familiar people: the posterior cingulate cortex andautobiographical memory retrieval.
doi: 10.1016/S0306-4522(01)00108-7
5. The precuneus/posterior cingulate cortex plays a pivotal role in thedefault mode network: Evidence from a partial correlation network analysis.
doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.05.059
6. The precuneus: a review of its functional anatomy and behaviouralcorrelates.
doi: 10.1093/brain/awl004
感觉运动网络
1. A small number of abnormal brain connections predictsadult autism spectrum disorder.
doi: 10.1038/ncomms11254
2. Functional Connectivity in the Motor Cortex of Resting Human Brain UsingEcho-Planar MRI.
doi: 10.1002/mrm.1910340409
3. Identifying patients with Alzheimer’s disease using resting-state fMRI andgraph theory.
doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2015.02.060
4. Recovery of resting brain connectivity ensuing mild traumatic braininjury.
doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2015.00513
5. Resting state fMRI: A personal history.
doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.01.090
6. Resting state functional MRI in Parkinson’s disease: the impact of deepbrain stimulation on ‘effective’ connectivity.
doi: 10.1093/brain/awu027
7. Resting-State fMRI Connectivity Impairment in Schizophrenia and BipolarDisorder.
doi: 10.1093/schbul/sbt092
8. Simultaneous Assessment of Flow and BOLD Signals in Resting-StateFunctional Connectivity Maps.
doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1492(199706/08)10:4/5<165::AID-NBM454>3.0.CO;
静息态脑功能成像是脑功能磁共振成像方法的一种。正常人脑在静息态下依然存在有规律的功能活动网络，且病理状态下的脑功能活动网络与正常人脑存在差异及重塑，被检者处于静息状态下应用血氧水平依赖脑功能成像获得脑活动功能图的成像技术。无须进行复杂的任务设计，可操作性好，可避免基于任务的研究由于任务设计的不同及被检者执行情况的差异性导致的实验结果的不可比性。
以下就 静息态功能磁共振成像 ，及其 脑网络分析方法 ： 基于种子点方法（ Seed-based ）、图论（ Graph theory ）、独立成分分析（ ICA ） 以及 不同的脑静息态网络 列举相关文献，以供该领域的学者参考。
静息态功能磁共振成像 (rs-fMRI )
1. Resting statefunctional magnetic resonance imaging:an emerging clinical tool.
doi:10.4103/0028-3886.111107
2. Clinical applicationsof resting state functional connectivity.
doi:10.3389/fnsys.2010.00019
3. Resting state activityin patients with disorders of consciousness.
doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2010.11.002
4. Resting state fMRI: apersonal history.
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.01.090
5. Brain work and brain imaging.
doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.29.051605.112819
这里主要介绍几种处理静息态fMRI数据，检查脑区之间功能连接的存在和程度的方法， 包括：基于种子点方法、图论、独立成分分析。
基于种子点的分析（Seed-based analysis）： 种子点可以是先验定义的区域，或者可以从任务态fMRI实验中获得的激活图中选择，从而确定特定的感兴趣区域。
1. Functional connectivity in the motor cortex of resting human brain usingecho-planar MRI.
doi: 10.1002/mrm.1910340409
2. Exploring the brain network: a review on resting-state fMRI functionalconnectivity.
doi: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2010.03.008
3. Review of methods for functional brain connectivity detection using fMRI.
doi: 10.1016/j.compmedimag.2008.10.011
4. DPARSF: a MATLAB toolbox for “pipeline” data analysis of resting-statefMRI.
doi: 10.3389/fnsys.2010.00013
5. Abnormal spontaneous brain activity in minimal hepatic encephalopathy:resting-state fMRI study.
doi: 10.5152/dir.2015.15208
6. A multisite resting state fMRI study on the amplitude of low frequencyfluctuations in schizophrenia.
doi: 10.3389/fnins.2013.00137
7. Regional homogeneity approach to fMRI data analysis.
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2003.12.030
8. Competition between functional brain networks mediates behavioralvariability.
doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.08.008
9. REST: a toolkit for resting-state functional magnetic resonance imagingdata processing.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0025031
图论（ Graph theory ）： 人脑形成一个集成的复杂网络，将所有脑区和子网络连接到一个复杂的系统中。使用图论分析方法可以检查大脑网络的整体结构，图论提供了一个理论框架，其中可以检查复杂网络的拓扑，并且可以揭示有关功能脑网络局部和全局的信息。
1. Social network analysis: a methodological introduction.
doi: 10.1111/j.1467-839X.2007.00241.x
2. A computational study of whole-brain connectivity in resting state andtask fMRI.
doi: 10.12659/MSM.891142
3. Brain connectivity in autism.
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2014.00349
4. Development of large-scale functional brain networks in children.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1000157
5. Complex brain networks: graph theoretical analysis of structural andfunctional systems.
doi: 10.1038/nrn2618
6. Efficiency and cost of economical brain functional networks.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.0030017
7. Efficient behavior of smallworld networks.
doi: 10.17877/DE290R-11359
8. Graph-based network analysis of resting-state functional MRI.
doi: 10.3389/fnsys.2010.00016
9. The ubiquity of small-world networks.
doi: 10.1089/brain.2011.0038
独立成分分析（ Independent component analysis ， ICA ）： 静息态fMRI的ICA是一种盲源分离方法，主要是从静息态中分离出相互独立的源。这个方法可以应用于全脑功能连接，将fMRI分离出大尺度脑网络。
1. Exploring the brain network: a review on resting-state fMRI functionalconnectivity.
doi: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2010.03.008
2. Advances and pitfalls in the analysis and interpretation of restingstatefMRI data.
doi: 10.3389/fnsys.2010.00008
3. An information-maximization approach to blind separation and blinddeconvolution.
doi: 10.1162/neco.1995.7.6.1129
4. Analysis of fMRI data by blind separation into independent spatialcomponents.
doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0193(1998)6:3<160::AID-HBM5>3.0.CO;2-1
5. Intrinsic brain activity in altered states of consciousness: howconscious is the default mode of brain function?
doi: 10.1196/annals.1417.015
6. Group comparison of resting-state FMRI data using multi-subject ICA anddual regression.
doi: 10.1016/S1053-8119(09)71511-3
7. A review of group ICA for fMRI data and ICA for joint inference ofimaging, genetic, and ERP data.
doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.10.057
8. A unified framework for group independent component analysis formulti-subject fMRI data.
doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.05.008
9. Independent component analysis of fMRI group studies by self-organizingclustering.
doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.10.042
10. Comparison of three methods for generating group statistical inferencesfrom independent component analysis of functional magnetic resonance imagingdata.
doi: 10.1002/jmri.20009
以下是关于不同的 脑静息态网络 ，如突显网络、听觉网络、基底神经节网络、视觉网络、视觉空间网络、默认模式网络、语言网络、执行网络&执行控制网络、楔前叶网络、感觉运动网络等相关文献合集。
突显网络
1. Cognitive Control and the Salience Network: An Investigation of ErrorProcessing and Effective Connectivity.
doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4692-12.2013
2. Salience processing and insular cortical function and dysfunction.
doi: 10.1038/nrn3857
3. Saliency, switching, attention and control: a network model of insulafunction.
doi: 10.1007/s00429-010-0262-0
听觉网络
1. Asymmetric Interhemispheric Transfer in the Auditory Network: Evidencefrom TMS, Resting-State fMRI, and Diffusion Imaging.
doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2333-15.2015
2. Default Mode, Dorsal Attention and Auditory Resting State NetworksExhibit Differential Functional Connectivity in Tinnitus and Hearing Loss.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076488
基底神经节网络
1. Aberrant functional connectivity within the basal ganglia of patientswith Parkinson’s disease.
doi: 10.1016/j.nicl.2015.04.003
2. Functional connectivity in the basal ganglia network differentiates PDpatients from controls.
doi: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000000592
3. Identifying the Basal Ganglia Network Model Markers forMedication-Induced Impulsivity in Parkinson's Disease Patients.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127542
4. The basal ganglia: A neural network with more than motor function.
doi: 10.1016/S1071-9091(02)00003-7
视觉网络
1. Consistent resting-state networks across healthysubjects.
doi: 10.1073/pnas.0601417103
2. Investigations into resting-stateconnectivity using independent component analysis.
doi: 10. 1098/rstb.2005.1634
3. Spontaneous Activity Associated with PrimaryVisual Cortex: A Resting-State fMRI Study.
doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhm105
视觉空间网络
1. Default-mode network activity distinguishes Alzheimer’sdisease from healthy aging: Evidence from functional MRI.
doi: 10.1073/pnas.0308627101
2. Functional connectivity in the resting brain: A network analysis of thedefault mode hypothesis.
doi: 10.1073/pnas.0135058100
3. Investigations into Resting-State Connectivity Using IndependentComponent Analysis.
doi: 10.1098/rsbt.2005.1634
4.Searching for a baseline: functional imaging andthe resting human brain.
doi: 10.1038/35094500
默认模式网络
1. Development of the Default Mode and CentralExecutive Networks across early adolescence: A longitudinal study.
doi: 10.1016/j.dcn.2014.08.002
2. Searching for a baseline: functional imaging and the resting human brain.
doi: 10.1038/35094500
语言网络
1. Evidenceof Mirror Neurons in Human Inferior Frontal Gyrus.
doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2668-09.2009
2. How Localized are Language Brain Areas? A Review of Brodmann Areas Involvementin Oral Language.
doi: 10.1093/arclin/acv081
3. Mirror Neurons and the Lateralization of Human Language.
doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1452-06.2006
4. Speech-associated gestures, Broca’s area, and the human mirror system.
doi: 10.1016/j.bandl.2007.02.008
执行网络 & 执行控制网络
1. ConceptualProcessing during the Conscious Resting State: A Functional MRI Study.
doi: 10.1162/089892999563265
2. Dissociable Intrinsic Connectivity Networks for Salience Processing andExecutive Control.
doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5587-06.2007
3. Resting-state activity in the left executive control network isassociated with behavioral approach and is increased in substance dependence.
doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.02.320
4. Searching for Activations That Generalize Over Tasks.
doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0193(1997)5:4<317::AID-HBM19>3.0.CO;2-A
5. The Human Brain Is Intrinsically Organized into Dynamic, AnticorrelatedFunctional Networks.
doi: 10.1073/pnas.0504136102
楔前叶网络
1. Posterior Cingulate Cortex Activation by EmotionalWords: fMRI Evidence From a Valence Decision Task.
doi: 10.1002/hbm.10075
2. Posterior Cingulate Cortex Mediates Outcome-Contingent Allocation ofBehavior.
doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2008.09.012
3. Precuneus Is a Functional Core of the Default-Mode Network.
doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4227-13.2014
4. Remembering familiar people: the posterior cingulate cortex andautobiographical memory retrieval.
doi: 10.1016/S0306-4522(01)00108-7
5. The precuneus/posterior cingulate cortex plays a pivotal role in thedefault mode network: Evidence from a partial correlation network analysis.
doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.05.059
6. The precuneus: a review of its functional anatomy and behaviouralcorrelates.
doi: 10.1093/brain/awl004
感觉运动网络
1. A small number of abnormal brain connections predictsadult autism spectrum disorder.
doi: 10.1038/ncomms11254
2. Functional Connectivity in the Motor Cortex of Resting Human Brain UsingEcho-Planar MRI.
doi: 10.1002/mrm.1910340409
3. Identifying patients with Alzheimer’s disease using resting-state fMRI andgraph theory.
doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2015.02.060
4. Recovery of resting brain connectivity ensuing mild traumatic braininjury.
doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2015.00513
5. Resting state fMRI: A personal history.
doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.01.090
6. Resting state functional MRI in Parkinson’s disease: the impact of deepbrain stimulation on ‘effective’ connectivity.
doi: 10.1093/brain/awu027
7. Resting-State fMRI Connectivity Impairment in Schizophrenia and BipolarDisorder.
doi: 10.1093/schbul/sbt092
8. Simultaneous Assessment of Flow and BOLD Signals in Resting-StateFunctional Connectivity Maps.
doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1492(199706/08)10:4/5<165::AID-NBM454>3.0.CO;
(闭黄兔13792686637)静息态 任务态fmri 什么意思 - ______ 以脑成像为例,fMRI与MRI的区别主要是,传统的MRI为结构性成像(structural),扫描脑灰质,白质,脑脊液的形态结构等以判断是否有病变或损伤.fMRI(functional)功能成像,是基于大脑进行某项活动时局部脑区血氧水平的变化,来观察进行某项任务时所谓＂脑激
(闭黄兔13792686637)怎么写毕业论文? - ______ 本文试就如何撰写毕业论文作简要论述,供参考. (一) 毕业论文是高等教育自学考试本科专业应考者完成本科阶段学业的最后一个环节,它是应考者的总结性独立作业,目的在于总结学习专业的成果,培养综合运用所学知识解决实际问题...
(闭黄兔13792686637)关于人脑,记忆,认知,有没有比较好的书籍可以学习的? - ______ 《大脑功能模式(型)理论:记忆、思维和意识的秘密》清华大学出版社 《认知神经科学——关于心智的生物学》中国轻工业出版社 你要真是入门级的,我建议你还是从《普通心理学》看起,然后可以看斯滕伯格的《认知心理学》,前面两本...
(闭黄兔13792686637)儿童潜能开发求儿童脑潜能开发相关的书籍文献论文参考资料 ______ 潜能开发:人的身心潜在的尚未发挥出来的能力就是潜能,也可以说是一种内在的可... 在7-8岁时,前额皮层的功能仍然没有成熟,还在进一步发育.在关键期脑也会明显改...
(闭黄兔13792686637)跪求初二上学期人体八大系统生物论文,1000字 - ______ 由各个器官按照一定的顺序排列在一起,完成一项或多项生理活动的结构叫系统. 人体共有八大系统:运动系统、神经系统、内分泌系统、循环系统、呼吸系统、消化系统、泌尿系统、生殖系统.这些系统协调配合,使人体内各种复杂的生命...
(闭黄兔13792686637)如何理解感觉调节功能? - ______ 其主要的功能是调节自主神经系统功能,对运动、感觉、情绪、体温和内分泌均有影响 A.额叶 B.枕叶 C.顶叶 D.丘脑 E.边缘系统 经络是中医核心理论之一,针灸基础及临床都是以经络理论为指导.但经络的现象、规律及经络的实质仍然未能明了....
(闭黄兔13792686637)一次文献包括哪些呢? ______ 一次文献包括图书、剪刊、会议文献、学位论文、专利文献、政府出刊物、产品样本、科技报告、标准文献、档案等.图书的范围很广,它包括名著、一般性专著、教科书...
(闭黄兔13792686637)如何用意念控制物体?形变或是移动 - ______[答案] 通过意念操纵物体,听起来似乎不可思议.但是被美国“计算机动力”生物医学公司命名为“脑门”的技术已将这一神话变成... 并用100个与轮椅或电脑相连的微型传感器连接芯片.目前,他仅通过意识就能控制灯光开关、调节空调,写电子邮件、指挥...
(闭黄兔13792686637)论酥油与养生 - ______ 酥油是似黄油的一种乳制品,是从牛、羊奶中提炼出的脂肪.藏区人民最喜食牦牛产的酥油.产于夏、秋两季的牦牛酥油,色泽鲜黄,味道香甜,口感极佳,冬季的则呈淡黄色.羊酥油为白色,光泽、营养价值均不...
(闭黄兔13792686637)知网论文到底怎么查的呢? ______ 首先,中国知网有很多版本,为了不同的人群量身定做的,在选择版本的时候千万要选对.假设你是本科毕业生,就要选择知网本科论文查重,选择其它版本检测结果是不...
